Super User is a Q&A site for computer enthusiasts that’s free. Free to ask questions, free to answer questions, free to read, free to index
What AI services and data collection can I effectively remove from Windows 11?
2 December 2025 @ 7:59 am
I hate Windows 11's current direction, plain and simple. I want to return all/most of my settings in a way that most closely resembles Win 10 or Win 7. No AI, as little data collection as possible, no "recommendations", no Bing.
While the easiest answer to this problem is probably "install Linux", there are still a few programs I need to run on Windows.
This question deals with disabling Bing AI search, but I want to widen the scope.
To make things quick, I would also accept reputable scripts that do these things semi-automatically.
So, what can I do on my private PC to shut down most of these Windows 11 additions?
How to check if certain IP address is part of a range?
2 December 2025 @ 7:02 am
I need to check if $ip_address belongs to the IP addresses ranges I have.
The only clumsy way that I get to go is using nmap to extract all addresses to the file and use grep to check if IP address belongs to the CIDR.
But addresses nmaping takes too long, so this means I'm doing this task incorrectly.
Moving Spotify Spam into spam folder
2 December 2025 @ 6:50 am
I get a lot of emails pretending they are from Spotify. Since I don't have Spotify, I want to move them into a spam folder. Spotify occurs in a column called "correspondents". I have set up a rule in Thunderbird:
Rule name: Spam: Spotify
Match: all of the following
Rule: From contains Spotify
Action: Move message to [folder] on [email]
This is the only rule, so it doesn't matter whether I choose "match all" or "match any".
There's an email (many, in fact) shown as Spotify <[email protected]> in my inbox. The filter does not find that email, although it clearly has "Spotify" in it.
What do I need to change in order to get rid of the emails in Thunderbird using a rule?
I have tried:
using =?UTF-8?B?U9GA0L500ZZm0YM=?=, the Base64 encoded version of "Spotify", which is actually u
Windows 10 and 11 (tried both) install always fails, all partitions were deleted without backing up, tried multiple times, need help please
2 December 2025 @ 6:12 am
I did a clean install of windows 10 on my lenovo laptop. After deleting all partitions, the installation process fails before reaching 100%. Sometimes 81%, other times it fails earlier in the installation process (example 52%, 60%, etc.)
A little window pops up and says "Windows installation failed". I tried multiple times. I tried both windows 10 and 11, rewrote the media creation tool, retried Rufus tool more than once, and I tried ventoy more than once too.
What's wrong with my laptop? Should I just buy new laptop/pc?
We have already have a company domain (e.g. www.xyz.com) we are planning to create an Windows Active Directory
2 December 2025 @ 5:34 am
We have already have a company domain (e.g. www.xyz.com) we are planning to create a Windows Active Directory domain with FQDN xyz.com now the concern is that users within the domain will not be able to access xyz.com, can someone help me out.
24TB Seagate Expansion noise
2 December 2025 @ 5:10 am
My 24TB Seagate Expansion makes a grinding noise for a few seconds only if I connect it before turning on the PC, also in this case the computer takes twice as long to start up.
Otherwise If I connect the disk while the PC is already on (hot-plug), it doesn't make that noise at all.
I check with seatools (short test and long test) and all seems to be fine, crystaldiskinfo and HDSentinel also show a good and healthy status of the disk.
Could be something related to how the motherboard detect it during the startup?
Why do subtitles appear constantly in bold in Windows 11? Only embedded subtitles display correctly
1 December 2025 @ 6:07 pm
I just reinstalled Windows and started adjusting the settings. I changed the Change system locale setting to Finland, after which the subtitles broke and now appear in bold. I changed the setting back, but the issue still persists.
I also changed the language and regional settings so that the time and date display correctly here in Finland. This is probably related to some kind of encoding issue. Before I reinstalled Windows, on my old system I never changed the system locale, and it was probably set to English or something similar by default. As you can see, the Finnish subtitles in the picture are bold.
Windows 11 25H2
10.0.26200 Build 26200
Windows 11 25H2
10.0.26200 Build 26200`"$XDG_CONFIG_HOME"` is blank on my system?
1 December 2025 @ 3:58 am
For some reason, "$XDG_CONFIG_HOME" and related environment variables are simply blank on my system. Is this supposed to be the case? Similar ones like "$XDG_CONFIG_DIRS" are filled out.
I'm running Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS on Linux 6.8.0-88-generic.
Access IPv4 sites through IPv6 only server
30 November 2025 @ 2:22 am
I have a VPS hosting Wireguard that only has IPv6 addresses.
When I connect from my local machine, I can access google.com in Chrome, which prefers IPv6, but not in Firefox, which prefers IPv4.
Sites that only use IPv4 like Reddit and GitHub are impossible to connect to.
I added:
nameserver 2a00:1098:2c::1
to
/etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/head.
The "server" can make https connections to GitHub with git clone, but ping github.com fails and the client could not connections to github and Reddit fail.
Recording of a cloud-hosted Windows 11 Pro screen with OBS
24 November 2025 @ 1:32 am
I need OBS to record a screen of a cloud-hosted Windows 11 Pro screen. OBS works and records fine while I'm connected to the PC using RDP, but after I disconnect, OBS records plain black. If I reconnect, OBS is recording fine again.
I believe this is because the VPS doesn't have a GUI session when RDP is disconnected.
I tried to use the autologon tool to log in a user right after reboot, and then use the scheduler to start OBS recording after user login. The recording starts, but it records a black screen.
I also tried converting the terminal session to a console as suggested here, but it didn't make any difference.