explainshell.com

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Match linux command-line arguments to view their help text.

stackshare.io

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Dev / Production stacks for all to see. Handy tool to see what software is trending today.

aws.amazon.com

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Amazons’s cloud computing & web hosting service.

AWS announces open-source AWS API Models

13 June 2025 @ 7:50 pm

AWS announces an official source for AWS API Model definition files and service model packages, providing developers with access to API definitions for all AWS services. We now publish daily updates of these API models to an open-source GitHub repository in Smithy format and also publish these packages to Maven Central. AWS public service models enable developers to take advantage of the same service model definitions that AWS uses for live services. These API models can be pulled into integrated development environments using the new packages available in Maven and can be used for developer tools use cases like mock testing or evolving MCP server needs. By utilizing open source Smithy code generators, you can also generate purpose-built AWS SDKs. The AWS service API models can be found on

AWS Control Tower now supports seven new compliance frameworks

13 June 2025 @ 7:15 pm

Today, AWS announces that AWS Control Tower supports seven new compliance frameworks in Control Catalog. Control Catalog is the central place in AWS for searching and enabling managed controls.In addition to existing frameworks, controls are now mapped to CIS-v8.0, FedRAMP-r4, ISO-IEC-27001:2013-Annex-A, NIST-CSF-v1.1, NIST-SP-800-171-r2, PCI-DSS-v4.0, SSAE-18-SOC-2-Oct-2023. To get started, navigate to the Control Catalog in AWS Control Tower and search for a framework like PCI-DSS-v4.0 to view related controls. This feature helps you meet your compliance requirements faster and with higher confidence. For programmatic access, utilize the new ListControlMappings API to search controls by frameworks, and take advantage of the updated ListControls and GetControl APIs, which now support GovernedResources, to understand the resource types governed by each control. We've also introduced a new classification system to help you better comprehend and manage controls. In a

AWS KMS adds support for post-quantum ML-DSA digital signatures

13 June 2025 @ 5:00 pm

AWS Key Management Service (KMS) now supports the FIPS 203 Module-Lattice Digital Signature Standard (MLDSA), a quantum-resistant digital signature algorithm designed to help organizations address emerging quantum computing threats. This post-quantum signature algorithm is one of the selected algorithms standardized by NIST to protect sensitive information well into the foreseeable future, including after the advent of cryptographically relevant quantum computers. ML-DSA is particularly valuable for manufacturers and developers who need to protect firmware and application code signing where cryptographic signatures cannot be easily updated after deployment and for organizations that require signatures on digital content to remain valid for several years. The ML-DSA keys integrate with the existing KMS CreateKey and Sign APIs, enabling customers to preserve their established automation processes, IAM and

Extend Amazon Q Developer IDE plugins with MCP tools

13 June 2025 @ 5:00 pm

Today, Amazon Q Developer announced support for Model Context Protocol (MCP) in the integrated development environment (IDE) plugins, enabling developers to utilize external tools to support richer contextual, development workflows. MCP is an open protocol that standardizes how AI models can, in a secure and structured way, access external tools, data sources, and APIs. You can now augment the list of built-in tools with any MCP server that supports the stdio transport layer. MCP servers can be managed within the Q Developer user interface, making it easy to add or remove servers, and modify tool permissions. By extending your IDE, Q Developer is able to provide more customized responses by orchestrating tasks across native and MCP server-based tools. MCP support is available within the Visual Studio Code and JetBrains IDE plugins, and Amazon Q Developer CLI. To get started, visit the

Amazon VPC IP Address Manager is now available in Asia Pacific (Taipei) Region

13 June 2025 @ 5:00 pm

Amazon Virtual Private Cloud IP Address Manager (Amazon VPC IPAM) that makes it easier for you to plan, track, and monitor IP addresses for your AWS workloads, is now available in Asia Pacific (Taipei) Region. Amazon VPC IPAM allows you to easily organize your IP addresses based on your routing and security needs, and set simple business rules to govern IP address assignments. Using VPC IPAM, you can automate IP address assignment to Amazon VPCs and VPC Subnets, eliminating the need to use spreadsheet-based or homegrown IP address planning applications, which can be hard to maintain and time-consuming. With this expansion, Amazon VPC IPAM is available in all AWS Regions, including China (Beijing, operated by Sinnet), and China (Ningxia, operated by NWCD), and th

Amazon Connect enhances communication limits for Outbound Campaigns

13 June 2025 @ 5:00 pm

Amazon Connect Outbound Campaigns now offers new instance-level communication total limit control to give you greater flexibility in configuring how often you want to engage with your customers across multiple campaigns. It also provides the ability to opt out of limit controls for critical campaigns. These new capabilities enable more efficient and targeted customer engagement strategies. The new instance-level total limit setting allows businesses to manage overall outbound communication limits across all campaigns while ensuring compliance with regulations such as the U.S. Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA). This feature provides a centralized approach to managing communication frequency, helping businesses avoid over-contacting customers and potentially improving customer satisfaction. The ability to opt out of these limits for specific campaigns enables critical communications, such as fraud alerts or support during inclement weather, to reach customers when need

Announcing price reductions for Amazon SageMaker AI GPU-accelerated instances

12 June 2025 @ 9:15 pm

Following the announcement of the price reduction for Amazon EC2 NVIDIA GPU-accelerated instances, we are announcing up to 45% price reduction for Amazon SageMaker AI instances to enable more cost-efficient generative AI model development. The price reduction for SageMaker AI instances includes P4 (P4d and P4de) and P5 (P5, P5e and P5en) instance types. This price reduction to On-Demand and Savings Plan pricing applies to all Regions where these instances are available. The pricing reduction applies to On-Demand purchases beginning June 9 and to Savings Plan purch

Amazon EKS Pod Identity simplifies the experience for cross-account access

12 June 2025 @ 6:00 pm

Amazon EKS Pod Identity now provides a simplified experience for configuring application permissions to access AWS resources in separate accounts. With enhancements to EKS Pod Identity APIs, you can now seamlessly configure access to resources across AWS accounts by providing the resource account’s IAM details during the creation of the Pod Identity association. Your applications running in the EKS cluster automatically receive the required AWS credentials during runtime without requiring any code changes. EKS Pod Identity enables applications in your EKS cluster to access AWS resources across accounts through a process called IAM role chaining. When creating a Pod Identity association, you can provide two IAM roles — an

AWS WAF now supports automatic application layer distributed denial of service (DDoS) protection

12 June 2025 @ 5:50 pm

Today, AWS announces enhanced application layer (L7) DDoS protection capabilities with faster automatic detection and mitigation, designed to respond to events within seconds. AWS WAF application layer (L7) DDoS protection is an AWS Managed Rule group that automatically detects and mitigates DDoS events of any duration to ensure your applications on Amazon CloudFront, Application Load Balancer (ALB) and other AWS services supported by WAF stay available and responsive to your users. This enhancement helps cloud security administrators and site reliability engineers protect applications while reducing the operational overhead of manually configuring and managing rules. This AWS Managed Rule group monitors traffic data to establish a baseline within minutes of activation, then leverages machine learning models to detect anomalies from normal traffic patterns. When traffic deviates from the established baseline, the system automatically applies rules designed to address suspic

Amazon Nova Sonic adds support for Spanish language

12 June 2025 @ 5:45 pm

Amazon Nova Sonic, a state-of-the-art speech-to-speech foundation model, now supports Spanish language, bringing natural, real-time voice conversations to more users and developers worldwide. This expands on its original support for English, with expressive voices in American and British accents, to now include Spanish with two additional (masculine and feminine-sounding) expressive voices. Nova Sonic unifies speech understanding and speech generation into a single model, to enable human-like voice conversations in AI applications. The novel architecture enables the model to adapt the generated voice response to the acoustic context (e.g., tone, style) and the spoken input, resulting in more natural human-like dialogue. Additionally, Amazon Nova Sonic supports function calling, agentic workflows, and knowledge grounding with enterprise data. To learn more, read the

networkworld.com

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Information, intelligence and insight for Network and IT Executives.

Ultra Ethernet Consortium publishes 1.0 specification, readies Ethernet for HPC, AI

14 June 2025 @ 7:49 pm

(Editor’s note: This story has been updated to include comments from HPE.) In mid-2023, a host of big name networking vendors including Cisco, Arista, HPE and Intel got together to form the Ultra Ethernet Consortium (UEC). The goal is to make Ethernet better for the needs of AI and high-performance computing (HPC). Now, nearly two years later, the UEC is delivering on its initial promise with the release of the first UEC 1

Why people love Linux

13 June 2025 @ 1:20 pm

The people who love Linux love it for a wide variety of reasons. Some of them appreciate having access to source code and the ability (if they’re so inclined) to modify it. Most love that the majority of Linux distributions are completely free. Some understand and appreciate that Linux is less likely to be attacked by malware and viruses than Windows. And, thanks to the open-source community, they appreciate that vulnerabilities are generally patched quite rapidly. Many Linux users appreciate that Linux is very lightweight and can run on older hardware. Some understand and value that Linux can be tailored to run on the smallest devices and embedded systems and that it runs on

Google Cloud outage disrupts over 50 services globally for over 7 hours

13 June 2025 @ 11:45 am

Google Cloud suffered a major outage on Thursday, affecting countless apps and services that power both industries and consumers. The incident, which lasted over 7 hours, started at 2:51 PM UTC and was resolved by 10:18 pm UTC, as per the Google Cloud Service Health report. This global outage disrupted 54 Google Cloud Platform products,  including API Gateway, Agent Assist, Cloud Data Fusion, Cloud Workstations, Contact Center AI Platform, Database Migration Service, Google App Engine, Google Cloud Console, and Vertex Gemini API. “Following a disruption to a number of Google Cloud ser

AMD steps up AI competition with Instinct MI350 chips, rack-scale platform

13 June 2025 @ 7:41 am

AMD (Nasdaq:AMD) has launched its latest accelerator chips and offered a glimpse into its AI infrastructure strategy, aiming to expand its role in the enterprise market, which Nvidia currently dominates. At its 2025 Advancing AI event, the chipmaker unveiled the AMD Instinct MI350 series accelerators and previewed a rack-scale AI infrastructure platform built on open industry standards. “The MI350 Series, consisting of both Instinct MI350X and MI355X GPUs and platforms, delivers a 4x, generation-on-generation AI compute increase and a 35x generational leap in inferencing, paving the

Oracle’s struggle with capacity meant they made the difficult but responsible decisions

13 June 2025 @ 12:36 am

During an earnings call late on Wednesday, Oracle (NYSE:ORCL) executives boasted/complained about their demand far exceeding capacity. That is a nice problem to have, but it is absolutely still a big problem. “We recently got an order that said ‘We’ll take all the capacity you have, wherever it is. It could be in Europe, could be in Asia, we’ll just take everything,’” said Oracle chairman Larry Ellison. “We never got an order like that before. The demand is astronomical.” Oracle CEO Safra Katz echoed Ellison’s sentiment: “I am still in a position where our supply i

Winners and losers in the Top500 supercomputer ranking

12 June 2025 @ 10:37 pm

It’s June, which means it’s time for the spring release of the Top500 list of supercomputers in the world… that we know of. It has long been suspected that there are other supercomputers out there that could easily make the top 10 of the list, or even surpass the No. 1 computer, El Capitan, but their owners and operators keep them a secret. Nonetheless, this list that was once read only by HPC insiders is now a source of bragging rights for the vendors that make a strong showing. A lot has changed in the 31 years since it was created. Back in 1994, there wasn’t an X86 processor in sight. Now that’s all that’s on the list

Meter secures $170 million to scale NaaS stack from the ground up

12 June 2025 @ 9:37 pm

A decade ago, Anil Varanasi had an idea to create a new type of networking vendor, where there was a unified stack and the whole offering was provided as a service. That was the founding vision for networking-as-a-service (NaaS) pioneer Meter. It took five years of research to get the first products out the door. The next five years were spent on iterating and growing the technology. Now in 2025, Meter is set to advance further. Today the company announced a $170 million Series C round of funding to grow the technology for the next generation of networking requirements. “Everybod

Cisco underscores AI commitment with networking LLM, agentic AI interface

12 June 2025 @ 3:29 pm

SAN DIEGO–A wide range of new AI-based software and technology from Cisco is designed to manage, secure and automate network operations as well as to cement Cisco’s place at the center of customers’ AI infrastructure plans. Cisco rolled out the new wares at its Cisco Live event, where it also unveiled new Nexus data center management software, campus Smart Switches, branch routers and a

At Cisco Live, it’s all about AI for networking and security

11 June 2025 @ 3:43 pm

Cisco Live 2025 is being held this week in San Diego. I had a chance to speak with Jeetu Patel, Cisco’s president and chief product officer, before the event, and he dubbed it “the most consequential Cisco Live in the past decade,” as he emphasized the combination of interest in AI and Cisco innovations to help customers adopt it. At last year’s Live event, Cisco indicated it was all in on AI, and it has continued to drive developments in that direction. Every IT pro and business leader has AI on their minds, but organizations struggle with adoption si

Cisco Live: Security focus yields new firewalls, Hypershield integrations, and agentic AI defenses

11 June 2025 @ 2:40 pm

SAN DIEGO – Cisco unwrapped a variety of advanced firewall and AI software enhancements aimed at further combining and simplifying its network and security technology across enterprise infrastructures. At its Cisco Live event, the vendor rolled out a new Hybrid Mesh Firewall portfolio, bolstered security support with partner Nvidia, and further tightened its own technology integration with its Splunk platform. The announcements share a common goal of protecting all things AI – workloads, inferencing, models and more – as Cisco works to se

forensicswiki.org

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Computer forensic tools and techniques used by investigators

cyberciti.biz

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online community of new and seasoned Linux / Unix sysadmins.

Download of the day: GIMP 3.0 is FINALLY Here!

18 March 2025 @ 3:45 am

Wow! After years of hard work and countless commits, we have finally reached a huge milestone: GIMP 3.0 is officially released! I am excited as I write this and can't wait to share some incredible new features and improvements in this release. GIMP 2.10 was released in 2018, and the first development version of GIMP 3.0 came out in 2020. GIMP 3.0 released on 16/March/2025. Let us explore how to download and install GIMP 3.0, as well as the new features in this version. Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook -

How to list upgradeable packages on FreeBSD using pkg

16 March 2025 @ 8:25 pm

See all FreeBSD related FAQ Here is a quick list of all upgradeable packages on FreeBSD using pkg command. This is equivalent to apt list --upgradable command on my Debian or Ubuntu Linux system. Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter -

Ubuntu to Explore Rust-Based “uutils” as Potential GNU Core Utilities Replacement

16 March 2025 @ 12:17 pm

In a move that has sparked significant discussion within the Ubuntu Linux fan-base and community, Canonical, the company behind Ubuntu, has announced its intention to explore the potential replacement of GNU Core Utilities with the Rust-based "uutils" project. They plan to introduce new changes in Ubuntu Linux 25.10, eventually changing it to Ubuntu version 26.04 LTS release in 2026 as Ubuntu is testing Rust 'uutils' to overhaul its core utilities potentially. Let us find out the pros and cons and what this means for you as an Ubuntu Linux user, IT pro, or developer. Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter -

How to install KSH on FreeBSD

3 March 2025 @ 11:50 pm

See all FreeBSD related FAQ Installing KSH (KornShell) on FreeBSD can be done with either FreeBSD ports or the pkg command. The ports collection will download the KSH source code, compile it, and install it on the system. The pkg method is easier, and it will download a pre-compiled binary package. Hence, it is recommended for all users. KornShell (KSH) has a long history, and many older Unix systems and scripts rely on it. As a result, KSH remains relevant for maintaining and supporting legacy infrastructure. Large enterprises, especially those with established Unix-based systems, continue to use KSH for scripting and system administration tasks. Some industries where KS

Linux Sed Tutorial: Learn Text Editing with Syntax & Examples

3 March 2025 @ 9:47 am

See all GNU/Linux related FAQ Sed is an acronym for "stream editor." A stream refers to a source or destination for bytes. In other words, sed can read its input from standard input (stdin), apply the specified edits to the stream, and automatically output the results to standard output (stdout). Sed syntax allows an input file to be specified on the command line. However, the syntax does not directly support output file specification; this can be achieved through output redirection or editing files in place while making a backup of the original copy optionally. Sed is one of the most powerful tools on Linux and Unix-like systems. Learning it is worthwhile, so in t

How to tell if FreeBSD needs a Reboot using kernel version check

23 February 2025 @ 10:07 pm

See all FreeBSD related FAQ Keeping your FreeBSD server or workstation updated is crucial for security and stability. However, after applying updates, especially kernel updates, you might wonder, "Do I need to reboot my system?" Let's simplify this process and provide a straightforward method for determining whether a reboot is necessary using the CLI, shell script, and ansible playbook. Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter

Critical Rsync Vulnerability Requires Immediate Patching on Linux and Unix systems

15 January 2025 @ 6:04 pm

Rsync is a opensource command-line tool in Linux, macOS, *BSD and Unix-like systems that synchronizes files and directories. It is a popular tool for sending or receiving files, making backups, or setting up mirrors. It minimizes data copied by transferring only the changed parts of files, making it faster and more bandwidth-efficient than traditional copying methods provided by tools like sftp or ftp-ssl. Rsync versions 3.3.0 and below has been found with SIX serious vulnerabilities. Attackers could exploit these to leak your data, corrupt your files, or even take over your system. There is a heap-based buffer overflow with a CVSS score of 9.8 that needs to be addressed on both the client and server sides of rsync package. Apart from that info leak via uninitialized stack contents defeats ASLR protection and rsync server can make client write files outside of destination directory using symbolic links. Love this? sudo share_on:

How to control the SSH multiplexing with the control commands

15 January 2025 @ 8:29 am

See all GNU/Linux related FAQ Multiplexing will boost your SSH connectivity or speed by reusing existing TCP connections to a remote host. This is useful when you frequently connect to the same server using SSH protocol for remote login, server management, using IT automation tools over SSH or even running hourly backups. However, sometimes your SSH command (client) will not respond or get hung up on the session when using multiplexing. Typically, this happens when your public IP changes (IPv4 to IPv6 changes when using DNS names), VPN issues, or firewall cuts connections. Hence, knowing SSH client control commands can save you time and boost your productivity when such gotc

ZFS Raidz Expansion Finally, Here in version 2.3.0

14 January 2025 @ 9:19 am

After years of development and testing, the ZFS raidz expansion is finally here and has been released as part of version 2.3.0. ZFS is a popular file system for Linux and FreeBSD. RAIDz is like RAID 5, which you find with hardware or Linux software raid devices. It protects your data by spreading it across multiple hard disks along with parity information. A raidz device can have single, double, or triple parity to sustain one, two, or three hard disk failures, respectively, without losing any data. Hence, expanding or adding a new HDD is a very handy feature for sysadmins in today's data-sensitive apps. Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter -

How to run Docker inside Incus containers

18 December 2024 @ 5:44 am

See all FFmpeg command releated tutorials Incus and Docker both use Linux kernel features to containerize your applications. Incus is best suited when you need system-level containers that act like traditional VMs and provide a persistent developer experience. On the other hand, Docker containers are ephemeral, i.e., temporary in nature. All files created inside Docker containers are lost when your Docker container is stopped or removed unless you stored them using volumes in different directories outside Docker. Docker is created as a disposable app deployment system. Incus containers are not typically created as disposables, and data is kept inside

heartinternet.co.uk

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Hosting packages for an initial web presence

We’re Now Certified by the Green Web Foundation

11 June 2025 @ 9:30 am

💚 Hosting that works hard, treads lightly.   Big news: Heart Internet is now officially listed with the Green Web Foundation. That means our hosting services are recognised as being powered by 100% renewable energy – wind, solar, and hydro, all thanks to our partnership with EDF. So while your website might be generating traffic, [read more...]

What is Web Hosting and Why Does Your Business Need It?

6 May 2025 @ 4:54 pm

Without web hosting, your website would not be visible or accessible to users! It is crucial to host your website with a website hosting service to ensure that your business has an online presence. Web hosts will securely store your website’s files, images, and digital content on a server, making it accessible to the public [read more...]

How to Enable Root Access via SSH on Your VPS for Migration using Plesk

11 March 2025 @ 7:41 am

If you get one of the following messages from the Plesk migrator you should check that you are using root as the username along with the Plesk admin password. “The source server does not appear to be a Plesk server” “Plesk Migrator tool requires original ‘root’ user access or root user with GUI/UID = 0.” [read more...]

How to Enable Root Access on Your VPS Server Using Plesk

11 March 2025 @ 7:40 am

If you get one of the following messages from the Plesk migrator you should check that you are using root as the username along with the Plesk admin password. “The source server does not appear to be a Plesk server” “Plesk Migrator tool requires original ‘root’ user access or root user with GUI/UID = 0.” [read more...]

Are your website fonts sending the right message?

3 February 2025 @ 10:18 am

Did you know that the fonts you use on your website can impact the way your customers perceive and interact with your brand?

Black Friday at Heart Internet

28 November 2024 @ 3:27 pm

Black Friday is here, and we’re bringing you incredible savings to help your business thrive online. From 29th November 2024 to 9th December 2024, you can enjoy 15% off some of our most popular products to get the tools you need at a fraction of the cost. What’s on Offer? Here’s what you can save [read more...]

13 Easy Ways to Optimise Your Website for Speed and Performance

1 October 2024 @ 2:53 pm

A slow website is like a slow waiter: it doesn’t matter how good the food is if the service is frustratingly sluggish. If your site takes too long to load, visitors are likely to abandon it faster than you can say “bounce rate.” But fear not! Here are some tips to help you optimise your [read more...]

Black Friday and Cyber Monday sale now on at Heart Internet

22 November 2022 @ 3:31 pm

You can now get up to 33% off the price of a cPanel-managed Web Hosting plan at Heart Internet.

10 of the best WooCommerce plugins

27 October 2022 @ 10:53 am

Including options for optimising your cart, boosting customer loyalty, and selling tickets.

9 creative alternatives to .com and .co.uk domains

5 October 2022 @ 2:37 pm

Discover the appeal of .ninja, .coffee, .guru and more - all available in our domain name sale.

serverfault.com

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Common Server issues – FAQs and answers from those in the know

Bginfo with active directory attributes

14 June 2025 @ 8:29 pm

Is it possible to display Active directory user attribute based information to desktop by bginfo using domain group policies? If possible how? For example: I want to display active directory custom user attributes 'Main manager and Assistant manger' name on users desktop.

Windows corrupted spanned dynamic disks how to put back together (hack) [migrated]

14 June 2025 @ 4:15 pm

I spanned some (3) disks together as a temporary measure in windows 10 meaning to copy all the data over to a 6 disk raid for safety's sake, To make a sad story short , I never got around to getting the copy done and windows June update did SOMETHING to destroy the volume. After the update upon the (first) boot(s) windows would stall at the swirling circle and one of the disks in the spanned set would be at 100% usage for hours . I finally just shut the system down and have been trying to get the disks back together since. This is all part of moving to a new MOBO weeks ago (hence the temp spanned). This volume basically has about 20 years of documents,programs, taxes, etc. not to mention downloads and software from years gone by. I should mention it was just fine until rebooting from the update. I move those disk over to the old mother board with the pre-update windows installed on it from a cloned disk (in case the move went badly moving to ssd ) not connected to the inter

calico/node is not ready: bird/confd is not live: exit status 1

14 June 2025 @ 2:56 pm

After fresh kubespray install my worker node has calico pod in Init:CrashLoopBackOff state. (We have deployed cluster this way before - a few months ago and all was good) Error log from journalctl: calico/node is not ready: bird/confd is not live: exit status 1 "ExecSync cmd from runtime service failed" err="rpc error: code = Unknown desc = failed to exec in container: container is in CONTAINER_EXITED state" containerID="242810527b0b21f9d69bf29691ed958a63b12d87d0fa470733e1f0c378787890" cmd=["/bin/calico-node","-felix-live","-bird-live"] Have spent so much time looking how to resolve it...No luck. (Saw identical issues, nothing helped) Have redeployed cluster, added/remove new node, nothing helped. In pod events, I see the following: Liveness probe failed: calico/node is not ready: Felix is not live: Get "http://localhost:9099/liveness": dial tcp 127.0.0.1:9099: connect: connection refused

NetworkManager clearing Link-Local addresses without dhcp

14 June 2025 @ 11:51 am

I have been trying to configure NetworkManager to work with both DHCP and Link-Local addresses when no DHCP is available. At first the link-local addresses are created. But when the DHCP fails to obtain a lease, the link-local addresses get removed. This continues, looping, addresses appear, work for a while and are then removed. I enabled debugging for NetworkManager, here is the pertinent section: 42.8350] dhcp4 (eth0): canceled DHCP transaction 42.8351] dhcp4 (eth0): activation: beginning transaction (timeout in 45 seconds) 42.8352] dhcp4 (eth0): state changed no lease 42.8357] device[d5b7e257c4672089] (eth0): ip:ll4: set state none (was done) 42.8358] device[d5b7e257c4672089] (eth0): ip:manual4: set state none 42.8358] device[d5b7e257c4672089] (eth0): ip:manual6: set state none 42.8359] device[d5b7e257c4672089] (eth0): ip: set (combined) state none (was fail, reason: ip-state-clear) 42.8360] ndisc[0x559e947140,"eth0"]: stopping neig

Devices randomly dropping from mdadm RAID5 array

14 June 2025 @ 9:16 am

I could use your help with this, I've got an issue with the RAID5 array in my server, where I'm getting seemingly random DeviceDisappeared and NewArray events (always in the same second) from mdadm (sometimes followed by a rebuild). I've gathered as much information I think might be relevant as possible, and am wondering if you have any suggestions on what I can try/investigate next to fix/prevent this. Please let me know if there's any other debug information that might be helpful. Any insight would be appreciated. Symptoms Small selection of journalctl --since "1 week ago" | grep mdadm: Jun 11 06:24:11 homeserver sh[2036476]: mdadm: DeviceDisappeared event detected on md device /dev/md/md0 Jun 11 06:24:11 homeserver sh[2036476]: mdadm: NewArray event detected on md device /dev/md0 Jun 11 06:24:26 homeserver mdadm[2041255]: mdadm: DeviceDisappeared event detected on md device /dev/md/md0 J

TCP firewall rules on http3 with QUIC

14 June 2025 @ 6:30 am

HTTP3 uses QUIC. QUIQ is UDP. Does this mean all router firewall rules for port 80 and 443 must be changed from TCP to UDP?

How can I ensure autofs.service starts before systemd-user-sessions.service?

13 June 2025 @ 11:06 pm

I am trying to get a user's systemd services to start automatically upon boot in an enterprise where users' home directories are auto-mounted by autofs. The user has a service unit in ~/.config/systemd/user/, it is wanted by their default.target, and I have enabled linger for the user. However, while their service auto-starts upon boot on some systems, on other systems it does not. Looking at the order of the journal events during boot, I believe I see the problem: On the systems where this is not working, systemd-user-sessions.service is starting before autofs.service. So the user's home directory is not mounted at the point when the user-specific service manager would be looking there for systemd units & config. I realize I could fix this by customizing systemd-user-sessions.service to add After=autofs.service, or similarly by customizing autofs.service to add

Powerchute serial shutdown skips to the third line of my script

13 June 2025 @ 5:51 pm

UPC APC Smart-UPS SMT1000 Windows server 2022 Standard Powerchute version 1.3.0.301 Usb cable is used to connect the UPC to the server. The script I wrote to power off my server using "PowerChute Serial Shutdown" is executed up to the second line, skips the third and continues from the fourth (according to C:\Program Files\APC\PowerChute Serial Shutdown\agent\cmdfile.log). This is the third line of the script: @start "ssh windows", "C:\Windows\System32\OpenSSH"\ssh.exe -i %DIR_KEY%\keyshutdownVM admin@%IPADDR% This line connects to a virtual machine, shutdown several databases and power off the virtual machine. Things that I tried: Update the firmware of the UPS. Be sure the script can be executed from command prompt without problems. Change the usb cable used to connect the UPS to the server. ¿Would you help to figure out what is th

How to restrict Dovecot FTS Solr to only index specific mail accounts (not all accounts)?

13 June 2025 @ 3:16 pm

I am deploying Dovecot FTS with Solr backend for full-text search on my mail server (Dovecot 2.3.x, Solr 9.x). For performance and storage reasons, I want only a subset of my mail accounts (for example, only a few specific users, or a whole domain) to have their mails indexed in Solr and to benefit from server-side full-text search. I do not want the FTS plugin to index every single account or mailbox on my system. My questions: Is it possible to configure Dovecot FTS (with Solr backend) to only index certain users or domains, and not the whole server? If so, how can this be achieved? Is there a per-user or per-domain configuration, or a way to conditionally load the fts and fts_solr plugins only for certain accounts? Any pointers, example configurations, or references to the documentation are very welcome!

Docker wordpress + caddy = REST API and Loopback error

13 June 2025 @ 2:52 pm

I have a docker stack consisting of caddy and wordpress currently in development at https://localhost and I am getting two critical erros: I am not sure what could be causing this The REST API encountered an error Performance The REST API is one way that WordPress and other applications communicate with the server. For example, the block editor screen relies on the REST API to display and save your posts and pages. When testing the REST API, an error was encountered: REST API Endpoint: https://localhost/wp-json/wp/v2/types/post?context=edit REST API Response: (http_request_failed) cURL error 7: Failed to connect to localhost port 443 after 0 ms: Couldn't connect to server and Your site could not complete a loopback request Performance Loopback requests are used to run scheduled events, and are also used by the built-in editors for themes and plugins to verify code stability. The loopback

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